|
Ruler
|
Ruled
|
|
Pharaonic Era
|
| 1st
Dynasty |
| Narmer/Menes |
c. 2920 - ? |
| Aha |
? - ? |
| Djer |
? - ? |
| Djet (Wadj) |
? - ? |
| Den |
? - ? |
| Anedjib |
? - ? |
| Semerkhet |
? - ? |
| Qa'a |
? - ? |
| 2nd Dynasty
|
| Hotepsekhemwy |
c. 2770 - ? |
| Reneb |
? - ? |
| Ninetjer |
? - ? |
| Seth-Peribsen |
? - ? |
| Khasekhemwy |
? - ? |
| 3rd Dynasty |
| Sanakhte (Nebka) |
2649 - 2630 |
| Djoser (Netjerykhet) |
2630 - 2611 |
| Sekhemkhet |
2611 - 2603 |
| Khaba |
2603 - 2599 |
| Huni |
2599 - 2575 |
| 4th Dynasty
|
| Snefru |
2575 - 2551 |
| Khufu (Cheops) |
2551 - 2528 |
| Radjedef (Djedefre) |
2528 - 2520 |
| Khafre (Chephren) |
2520 - 2494 |
| Menkaure' (Mycerinus) |
2490 - 2472 |
| Shepseskaf |
2472 - 2467 |
| 5th Dynasty
|
| Userkaf |
2465 - 2458 |
| Sahure |
2458 - 2446 |
| Neferirkare Kakai |
2446 - 2426 |
| Shepseskare |
2426 - 2419 |
| Raneferef (a.k.a. Neferefre) |
2419 - 2416 |
| Niuserre (Ini) |
2416 - 2392 |
| Menkauhor |
2396 - 2388 |
| Djedkare (Isesi) |
2388 - 2356 |
| Wenis (Unas) |
2356 - 2323 |
| 6th Dynasty
|
| Teti |
2323 - 2291 |
| Pepi I (Meryre) |
2289 - 2255 |
| Merenre (Nemtyemzaf) |
2255 - 2246 |
| Pepi II (Neferkare) |
2246 - 2152 |
| 7th/8th Dynasty
|
| Numerous ephemeral kings, including Neferkare' |
2150 - 2134 |
| 9th/10th Dynasty
|
| Several kings called Khety; Merykare' and Ity |
2134 - 2040 |
| 11th Dynasty |
| Inyotef I (Sehertawy) |
2134 - 2118 |
| Inyotef II (Wahankh) |
2118 - 2069 |
| Inyotef III (Nakhtnebtepnefer) |
2069 - 2061 |
| Montuhotep I |
2061 - 2010 |
| Montuhotep II |
2010 - 1998 |
| Montuhotep III |
1998 - 1991 |
| 12th Dynasty
|
| Amenemhat I (Ammenemes) |
1991 - 1962 |
| Senwosret I (Sesostris) |
1971 - 1926 |
| Amenemhat II |
1929 - 1892 |
| Senwosret II |
1897 - 1878 |
| Senwosret III |
1878 - 1841? |
| Amenemhat III |
1844 - 1797 |
| Amenemhat IV |
1799 - 1787 |
| Nefrusobek (Sobeknefru, Sobekkare) (fem.) |
1787 - 1783 |
| 13th Dynasty
|
| About 70 kings in chaotic period |
1783 - 1640 |
| 14th Dynasty |
| Nehesy |
? - ? |
| 15th Dynasty
|
| Salitis (Sheshi) |
? - ? |
| Yakubher |
? - ? |
| Khyan |
? - ? |
| Apepi I (Apophis I) |
c. 1585 - 1542 |
| Apepi II (Apophis II) |
? - ? |
| Khamudi |
c. 1542 - 1532 |
| 16th Dynasty
|
| Anather |
? - ? |
| Yakobaam |
? - ? |
| 17th Dynasty |
| Inyotef V |
c. 1640 - 1635 |
| Sobekhemsaf II |
? - ? |
| Inyotef VII (Intef VII) |
? - ? |
| Tao I (Sanakkhtenre) |
? - ? |
| Tao II (Seqenenre) |
? - ? |
| Kamose (Wadjkheperre) |
c. 1555 - 1550 |
| 18th Dynasty
|
| Ahmose I |
1550 - 1525 |
| Amenhotep I (a.k.a. Amenophis in Greek) |
1525 - 1504 |
| Thutmose I (a.k.a. Thutmosis in Greek) |
1504 - 1492 |
| Thutmose II |
1492 - 1479 |
| Thutmose III |
1479 - 1425 |
| Hatshepsut (fem.) |
1473 - 1458 |
| Amenhotep II |
1427 - 1401 |
| Thutmose IV |
1401 - 1391 |
| Amenhotep III |
1391 - 1353 |
| Amenhotep IV Akhenaten |
1353 - 1335 |
| Smenkhkare |
1335 - 1333 |
| Tutankhamun |
1333 - 1323 |
| Ay |
1323 - 1319 |
| Horemheb |
1319 - 1307 |
| 19th Dynasty |
| Ramesses I |
1307 - 1306 |
| Seti I (Sethos I) |
1306 - 1290 |
| Ramesses II |
1290 - 1224 |
| Merenptah |
1224 - 1214 |
| Amenmesses (usurper) |
|
| Seti II(Merenptah) |
1214 - 1204 |
| Siptah (Merenptah) |
1204 - 1198 |
| Queen Twosret (Tausert) (fem.) |
1198 - 1196 |
| 20th Dynasty
|
| Setnakht |
1196 - 1194 |
| Ramesses III |
1194 - 1163 |
| Ramesses IV |
1163 - 1156 |
| Ramesses V |
1156 - 1151 |
| Ramesses VI |
1151 - 1143 |
| Ramesses VII |
1143 - 1136 |
| Ramesses VIII |
1136 - 1131 |
| Ramesses IX |
1131 - 1112 |
| Ramesses X |
1112 - 1100 |
| Ramesses XI |
1100 - 1070 |
| Thebes Priests |
| Herihor |
1080 - 1074 |
| Piankh |
1074 - 1070 |
| Pinedjem I |
1070 - 1032 |
| Masaherta |
1054 - 1046 |
| Menkheperre |
1045 - 992 |
| Nesbanebdjed II |
992 - 990 |
| Pinedjem II |
990 - 969 |
| Pasebakhaenniut III |
969 - 945 |
| 21st
Dynasty |
| Smendes I (Nesbanebdjed or Hedjkheperre) |
1070 - 1044 |
| Amenemnisu (Neferkare) |
1044 - 1040 |
| Psusennes I (Pasebakhaenniut I) |
1040 - 992 |
| Amenemope (Meryamun or Amenophthis) |
993 - 984 |
| Osorkon the Elder (Osochor) |
984 - 978 |
| Siamun |
978 - 959 |
| Psusennes II (Pasebakhaenniut II) |
959 - 945 |
| 22nd Dynasty
|
| Sheshonq I (a.k.a. Shoshenq or Sheshonk) |
945 - 924 |
| Osorkon II |
924 - 909 |
| Takelot I |
909 - ? |
| Sheshonq II |
? - 883 |
| Osorkon III |
883 - 855 |
| Takelot II |
860 - 835 |
| Sheshonq III |
835 - 783 |
| Pami |
783 - 773 |
| Sheshonq V |
773 - 735 |
| Osorkon V |
735 - 712 |
| 23rd Dynasty |
| Pedibastet (Meryamun) |
828 - 803 |
| Osorkon IV |
777 - 749 |
| Rudamun |
? - ? |
| Iuput (at Leontopolis) |
? - ? |
| Peftjauabastet (Peftjauawybast) (at Herakleopolis) |
740 - 725 |
| Nimlot (at Hermopolis) |
? - ? |
| 24th Dynasty
|
| Tefnakht (Shepsesre) (at Sais) |
724 - 717 |
| Bakenrenef (a.k.a. Bocchoris or Wahkare) |
717 - 712 |
| 25th Dynasty |
| Kashta |
770 - 750 |
| Piankhi (Piyi) |
750 - 712 |
| Shabaka (Neferkare, Sabacon) |
712 - 698 |
| Shebitku (Djedkare) |
698 - 690 |
| Taharqa |
690 - 664 |
| Tanutamun (a.k.a. Tantamani) |
664 - 657 |
| 26th Dynasty |
| Psamtik I (a.k.a. Psammetichus I) |
664 - 610 |
| Nekau II (Necho II) |
610 - 595 |
| Psamtik II |
595 - 589 |
| Wahibre (Apries) |
589 - 570 |
| Ahmose II (Amasis) |
570 - 526 |
| Psamtik III (Psammetichus) |
526 - 525 |
| 27th Dynasty |
| Cambyses |
525 - 522 |
| Darius I |
521 - 486 |
| Xerxes I |
486 - 466 |
| Artaxerxes I |
465 - 424 |
| Darius II |
424 - 404 |
| 28th Dynasty
|
| Amyrtaeus |
404 - 399 |
| 29th Dynasty
|
| Nepherites I (Nefaarud I) |
399 - 393 |
| Psammuthis |
393 |
| Achoris (Hakor) |
393 - 380 |
| Nepherites I |
380 |
| 30th Dynasty
|
| Nectanebo I (Nakhtnebef) |
380 - 362 |
| Teos (Djedhor) |
365 - 360 |
| Nectanebo II (Nakhthoreb) |
360 - 343 |
| 31st Dynasty |
| Artaxerxes III |
343 - 338 |
| Arses |
338 - 336 |
| Darius III |
335 - 332 |
|
Greek Era
|
| Macedonian Era |
| Alexander the Great |
332 - 323 |
| Philip Arrhidaeus |
323 - 316 |
| Alexander IV |
316 - 304 |
| Ptolemaic Dynasty |
| Ptolemy I Soter I |
304 - 284 |
| Ptolemy II Philadelphus |
285 - 246 |
| Ptolemy III Euergetes I |
246 - 221 |
| Ptolemy IV Philopator |
221 - 205 |
| Ptolemy V Epiphanes I |
205 - 180 |
| Ptolemy VI Philometor |
180 - 164, 163 - 145 |
| Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II (Physcon) |
170 - 163, 145 - 116 |
| Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator |
145 |
| Cleopatra III (fem.)and Ptolemy IX Soter II (Lathyrus) |
116 - 107 |
| Cleopatra III (fem.)and Ptolemy X Alexander I |
107 - 88 |
| Ptolemy IX Soter II |
88 - 81 |
| Ptolemy XI Alexander II |
80 |
| Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (Auletes) |
80 - 58, 55 - 51 |
| Berenice IV (fem.) |
58 - 55 |
| Cleopatra VII (fem.) |
51 - 30 |
| Ptolemy XIII |
51 - 47 |
| Ptolemy XIV |
47 - 44 |
| Ptolemy XV Caesarion |
44 - 30 |
|
Roman Era
|
| Augustus |
30 BCE- 14 CE |
| Tiberius |
14 - 37 |
| Gaius (Caligula) |
37 - 41 |
| Claudius |
41 - 54 |
| Nero |
54 - 68 |
| Galba |
68 - 69 |
| Otho |
69 |
| Vespasian |
69 - 79 |
| Titus |
79 - 81 |
| Domitian |
81 - 96 |
| Nerva |
96 - 98 |
| Trajan |
98 - 117 |
| Hadrian |
117 - 138 |
| Antoninus Pius |
138 - 161 |
| Marcus Aurelius |
161 - 180 |
| Commodus |
180 - 192 |
| Helvius Pertinax |
192 - 193 |
| Didius Julianus |
193 |
| Septimus Severus |
193 - 211 |
| Caracalla |
198 - 217 |
| Geta |
209 - 212 |
| Macrinus |
217 - 218 |
| Elagabalus |
218 - 222 |
| Severus Alexander |
222 - 235 |
| Gordian III |
238 - 244 |
| Philip the Arab |
244 - 249 |
| Decius |
249 - 251 |
| Gallus and Volusianus |
251 - 253 |
| Valerian |
253 - 260 |
| Gallienus |
253 - 268 |
| Macrianus and Quietus |
260 - 261 |
| Aurelian |
270 - 275 |
| Probus |
276 - 282 |
| Diocletian |
284 - 305 |
| Mazimian |
286 - 305 |
| Galerius |
293 - 311 |
| Valens |
314 |
|
Byzantine Era
|
| Constantine I the Great |
324 - 337 |
| Constantius |
337 - 361 |
| Julian the Apostate |
361 - 363 |
| Jovian |
363 - 364 |
| Valens |
364 - 378 |
| Theodosius I |
378 - 395 |
| Arcadius |
395 - 408 |
| Theodosius II |
408 - 450 |
| Marcian |
450 - 457 |
| Leo I |
457 - 474 |
| Leo II |
474 |
| Zeno |
474 - 491 |
| Anastasius |
491 - 518 |
| Justin I |
518 - 527 |
| Justinian the Great |
527 - 565 |
| Justin II |
565 - 578 |
| Tiberius II |
578 - 582 |
| Maurice |
582 - 602 |
| Phocas |
602 - 610 |
| Heraclius |
610 - 641 |
|
Islamic Era
|
| Arab conquest
and Umayyad Dynasty |
| Omar Ibn Al-Khattab |
641 - 644 |
| Othman Ibn Affan |
644 - 656 |
| Ali Ibn Abi Taleb |
656 - 661 |
| Muaweya I (Ibn Abi Sofyan) |
661 - 680 |
| Yazid I |
680 - 683 |
| Muaweya II |
683 - 684 |
| Marawan I (Ibn Al-Hakam) |
684 - 685 |
| Abdel Malek Ibn Marawans |
685 - 705 |
| Al Walid I (Ibn Abdel Malek) |
705 - 715 |
| Suleyman Ibn Abdel Malek |
715 - 717 |
| Omar Abdel Aziz |
717 - 720 |
| Yazid II |
720 - 724 |
| Hisham Ibn Abdel Malek |
724 - 743 |
| Al Walid II (Ibn Yazid) |
743 - 744 |
| Yazid III (Ibn Al-Walid) |
744 |
| Ibrahim Ibn Al-Walid |
744 |
| Marwan II (Ibn Mohamed) |
744 - 750 |
| Abbasid Dynasty |
| Abul-Abbas Abdullah Al-Saffah |
750 - 754 |
| Abu Jaafar Al-Mansour |
754 - 775 |
| Mohammed Abu Abd Allah Al-Mahdi |
775 - 785 |
| Musa Ibn Al-Mahdi |
785 - 785 |
| Harun Al-Rashid |
786 - 809 |
| Mohammed Al-Amin |
809 - 813 |
| Abdullah Al-Ma'mun |
813 - 817 |
| Moussa |
817 - 819 |
| Abdullah Al-Ma'mun (restored) |
819 - 833 |
| Abu Is-hak Al-Mutasim Billah |
833 - 841 |
| Harun Al-Wathek Billah |
841 - 847 |
| Jaafar Al-Mutawakkel |
847 - 861 |
| Mohammed Al-Muntasser Billah |
861 - 862 |
| Ahmed Al-Musta'in |
862 - 866 |
| Al-Mutazz Billah |
866 - 868 |
| Tulunid Dynasty |
| Ahmed Ibn Tulun |
868 - 884 |
| Abul Jeish Khumaraweih |
884 - 896 |
| Abul Asaker Jeish |
896 |
| Harun |
896 - 904 |
| Shayban |
904 |
| Abbasid Dynasty |
| Abu Mohamed Al-Muktafi Billah |
905 - 908 |
| Al-Muqtadir Billah |
908 - 932 |
| Abu Mansour Al-Qaher Billah |
932 - 934 |
| Abu Al-Abbasi Al-Radi Billah |
934 - 935 |
| Ikhshidid Dynasty |
| Mohammed Ibn Toghj Al-Ikhshid |
935 - 946 |
| Abul Qassem Unujur |
946 - 961 |
| Abul Hassan Ali |
961 - 966 |
| Abul Mesk Kafur |
966 - 968 |
| Abul Fawares Ahmed Ben Ali |
968 - 969 |
| Fatamid Dynasty |
| Al-Muizz li Din Allah |
969 - 975 |
| Al-Aziz Li Din Allah Nezar Abu Mansour |
975 - 996 |
| Al-Hakim Bi Amr Allah Al-Mansour Abu Ali |
996 - 1021 |
| Al-Zaher Li A'azaz Din Allah Ali Abul Hassan |
1021 - 1035 |
| Al-Mustansir Billah Mo'ed Abu Tamim |
1035 - 1094 |
| Al-Mustali Billah Ahmad Ibn Abul Qassem |
1094 - 1101 |
| Al-Amer Bi Ahkam Allah Al-Mansour Abu Ali |
1101 - 1130 |
| Al-Hafez Li Din Allah Abdel Meguid Abul Maymoun |
1130 - 1149 |
| Al-Zafer Bi Amr Allah Ismail Abu Mansour |
1149 - 1154 |
| Al-Fa'ez Bi Nasr Allah Eisa Abul Qassem |
1154 - 1160 |
| Al-Aded Abdullah Abu Mohamed |
1160 - 1171 |
| Ayyubid Dynasty |
| Al-Nasser Salah Al-Din Yusuf Ibn Ayyub (Saladin) |
1171 - 1193 |
| Al-Aziz Emad Al-Din Abul Fath Othman |
1193 - 1198 |
| Al-Mansour Nasser Al-Din |
1198 - 1199 |
| Al-Adel I Seif Al-Din |
1200 - 1218 |
| Al-Kamel Nasser Al-Din Mohammed |
1218 - 1238 |
| Al-Adel II Seif Al-Din |
1238 - 1240 |
| Al-Saleh Najm Al-Din Ayyub |
1240 - 1249 |
| Al-Mu'azzam Turan Shah |
1249 - 1250 |
| Al-Ashraf II Muzaffar Al-Din |
1250 - 1253 |
| Bahari Mamluks |
| Shagaret El-Dorr (fem.) with Al-Muezz Ezz Al-Din Aybak |
1250 - 1257 |
| Al-Mansour Nour Al-Din Ali |
1257 - 1259 |
| Al-Muzaffar Seif Al-Din Qutuz |
1259 - 1260 |
| Al-Zaher Rukn Al-Din Baybars I |
1260 - 1277 |
| Al-Saeed Naser Al-Din Baraka Khan |
1277 - 1280 |
| Al-Adel Badr Al-Din Salamish |
1280 |
| Al-Mansour Seif Al-Din Qalawun |
1280 - 1290 |
| Al-Ashraf Salah Al-Din Khalil |
1290 - 1294 |
| Al-Nasser Nasser Al-Din Mohamed, |
1294 - 1295 |
| Al-Adel Zein Al-Din Kitbugha |
1295 - 1297 |
| Al-Mansour Hossam Al-Din Lajin |
1297 - 1299 |
| Al-Nasser Nasser Al-Din Mohamed,(restored) |
1299 - 1309 |
| Al-Muzaffar Rukn Al-Din Baybars II |
1309 - 1310 |
| Al-Nasser Nasser Al-Din Mohamed,(re-restored) |
1310 - 1340 |
| Al-Mansour Seif Al-Din Abu Bakr |
1340 - 1341 |
| Al-Ashraf Alaa Al-Din Kujuk |
1341 - 1342 |
| Al-Nasser Shihab Al-Din Ahmad |
1342 |
| Al-Saleh Emad Al-Din Ismail |
1342 - 1345 |
| Al-Kamel Seif Al-Din Sha'ban I |
1345 - 1346 |
| Al-Muzaffar Seif Al-Din Hajji I |
1346 - 1347 |
| Al-Nasser Nasser Al-Din Al-Hasan |
1347 - 1351 |
| Al-Saleh Salah Al-Din Saleh |
1351 - 1354 |
| Al-Nasser Nasser Al-Din Al-Hasan (restored) |
1354 - 1361 |
| Al-Mansour Salah Al-Din Mohammed |
1361 - 1363 |
| Al-Ashraf Nasser Al-Din Sha'ban II |
1363 - 1376 |
| Al-Mansour Alaa Al-Din Ali |
1376 - 1382 |
| Al-Saleh Salah Al-Din Hajji II |
1382 |
| Burgi Mamluks |
| Al-Zaher Seif Al-Din Barquq |
1382 - 1389 |
| Hajji II (restored)(from Bahari Mamluks) |
1389 - 1390 |
| Barquq (restored) |
1390 - 1399 |
| Al-Nasser Nasr Al-Din Faraj |
1399 - 1405 |
| Al-Mansour Ezz Al-Din Abdel Aziz |
1405 |
| Faraj (restored) |
1405 - 1412 |
| Al-Adel Al-Musta'in II |
1412 |
| Al-Muayyad Seif Al-Din Shaikh |
1412 - 1421 |
| Al-Muzaffar Ahmad |
1421 |
| Al-Zaher Seif Al-Din Tatar |
1421 |
| Al-Saleh Nasir Al-Din Mohammed |
1421 - 1422 |
| Al-Ashraf Seif Al-Din Barsbay |
1422 - 1438 |
| Al-Aziz Jamal Al-Din Yusuf |
1437 - 1438 |
| Al-Zaher Seif Al-Din Jaqmaq |
1438 - 1453 |
| Al-Mansour Fakhr Al-Din Othman |
1453 |
| Al-Ashraf Seif Al-Din Inal |
1453 - 1461 |
| Al-Muayyad Shihab Al-Din Ahmad |
1461 |
| Al-Zaher Seif Al-Din Khushqadam |
1461 - 1467 |
| Al-Zaher Seif Al-Din Bilbay |
1467 - 1468 |
| Al-Zaher Timurbugha |
1468 |
| Al-Ashraf Seif Al-Din Qaitbay |
1468 - 1496 |
| Al-Nasser Mohammed |
1496 - 1498 |
| Al-Zaher Qunsowah |
1498 - 1500 |
| Al-Ashraf Janbalat |
1500 - 1501 |
| Al-Adel Tuman Bey I |
1501 |
| Al-Ashraf Qunsowah Al-Ghouri |
1501 - 1517 |
| Al-Ashraf Tuman Bey II |
1517 |
| Ottomans |
| Selim I, Yavuz (a.k.a The Grim) |
1517 - 1520 |
| Suleyman I, Kanuni (a.k.a The Lawgiver or The Magnificent). |
1520 - 1566 |
| Selim II, Sarhosh (The Sot). |
1566 - 1574 |
| Murad III |
1574 - 1595 |
| Mehmed III |
1595 - 1603 |
| Ahmed I |
1603 - 1617 |
| Mustapha I |
1617 - 1618 |
| Othman II |
1618 - 1622 |
| Mustapha I (restored) |
1622 - 1623 |
| Murad IV |
1623 - 1640 |
| Ibrahim I |
1640 - 1648 |
| Mehmed IV |
1648 - 1687 |
| Suleyman II |
1687 - 1691 |
| Ahmed II |
1691 - 1695 |
| Mustapha II |
1695 - 1703 |
| Ahmed III |
1703 - 1730 |
| Mahmud I |
1730 - 1754 |
| Othman II |
1754 - 1757 |
| Mustapha III |
1757 - 1773 |
| Abdul Hamid I |
1773 - 1789 |
| Selim III |
1789 - 1805 |
|
Mohamed Ali Dynasty
|
| Mohammed Ali |
1805 - 1848 |
| Ibrahim |
1848 |
| Abbas I |
1848 - 1854 |
| Said |
1854 - 1863 |
| Ismail |
1863 - 1879 |
| Tawfik |
1879 - 1892 |
| Abbas II Helmy |
1892 - 1914 |
| Hussein Kamel |
1914 - 1917 |
| Fuad I |
1917 - 1936 |
| Farouk |
1936 - 1952 |
| Ahmed Fuad |
1952 - 1953 |
|
The Republic
|
| Mohammed Naguib |
1953 - 1954 |
| Gamal Abdel Nasser |
1954 - 1970 |
| Anwar El-Sadat |
1970 - 1981 |
| Mohamed Hosni Mubarak |
1981 - present |
